Schizophrenia – First-Rank Symptoms

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First Rank Symptoms were first described by Kurt Schneider.

Schizophrenia

DELUSIONAL PERCEPTION

Part of a Primary delusion. It can occur ‘out of the blue’ (Autochthonous delusion) or as a two stage process where a normal perception occurs first and then a delusion if formed around it. (Delusional perception)

e.g. ‘When I saw the red car passing by me yesterday, I knew I was going to be killed.’

AUDITORY HALLUCINATIONS

  • Third-person auditory hallucinations (arguing or talking about patient) – ‘He or she’
  • Running commentary on person’s actions or thoughts
  • Thought echo (Gedankenlautwerden) – Thoughts spoken aloud

DELUSIONS OF THOUGHT INTERFERENCE

  • Thought insertion (put into your head)
  • Thought withdrawal (taken out of your head)
  • Thought broadcasting (broadcast so that other people know what you are thinking)

PASSIVITY PHENOMENON OR DELUSIONS OF CONTROL

Control of the following by an external force:

  • Impulses
  • Actions
  • Feelings
  • Somatic Passivity – Passive recipient of bodily sensations imposed from outside forces.

Read more: 

  1. Mental State Examination in Psychiatry
  2. How to Diagnose Schizophrenia? 
  3. Understanding the Neurobiology of Schizophrenia – Linking neurobiology to clinical symptoms
  4. Management of Schizophrenia
  5. Simplified Guide to Oral Antipsychotics 

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